Dodgy ebay replacements are available but im aware that this is not necessarily the best route to go down. When use as an audio frequency general purpose amplifier, can be operated in the active region. International transistor equivalents guide bernard babani. Choosing transistor replacements electronics notes. Buy international transistor equivalents guide bernard babani publishing radio and electronics books by adrian michaels isbn.
Alternatively equivalent s to these transistors would help. On means current is flowing through the transistor therefore vbe. What books should one use to study mosfet, bjt transistor. Satur32 tip73b tip74 tip74a tip74b tip75 tip75a tip75b tip75c 2n6488 transistor replacement guide bd9 equivalent 2sc495 mje07 equivalent bd9 equivalent transistor 2n3055 equivalent transistor number 2sd880 equivalent bdx37 equivalent pin configuration npn transistor tip41c mje350 equivalent. It can also be used for the switching purpose just like other pnp transistors. Johnson a great book for learning electronics in easy plain language. Jan 23, 2015 npn transistor is one of the bipolar junction transistor bjt types. In certain cases, the quoted collector current may be exceeded. How to choose a replacement for a bipolar transistor alltransistors. Bjts are currentcontrolled devices which means that a small amount of current flowing through the base of a bipolar junction transistor, results in a large current that flows from emitter to collector. The links at left may help you to research your own replacement transistors.
Npn transistor circuit working, characteristics, applications. Smallsignal transistors replacement list bc86816 bc868, bc86825 equivalent type bc876 bc878 bc880 bc878 equivalent type bc877 bc879 bcf29 bc857 bcf30 bc857b bcf33 bc847b bcf81 bc847c bcp5110 bcp5310 bcp5210 bcp5310 bcp52 bcp53 bcp5410 bcp5510 bcp6810 bcp68, bcp6825 bcp6816 bcp68, bcp6825. Transistor basics a bipolar junction transistor is a three layer npn or pnp semiconductor device. Finding transistor replacement can take you hours if you dont know the right method to do it.
Diodes and transistors pdf 28p this note covers the following topics. I just entered transistor without quotes in the search box at the top level, then clicked on transistors bjt single,797 items and it took me to the transistor search page above. Understanding transistor replacement, substitution and information is very important for a electronic repairer. Cross reference universal transistor reference page 1.
Maximum power, called p d, is the overall power a transistor can dissipate, through heat, without burning up. Here is an image showing the pin diagram of the this transistor. Discover the best transistors electrical engineering in best sellers. Aug 21, 2014 general electric transistor manual if that link goes away, you can sometimes find it for absurd. Smd type transistors npn transistors pzt4401 kzt4401 unit. Vrt comparison table for semiconductors from a to z edition. Semiconductortransistor crossreference list peavey.
Wikipedia books are maintained by the wikipedia community, particularly wikiproject wikipedia. The npn transistor consists of two ntype semiconductor materials and they are separated by a thin layer of ptype semiconductor. Semiconductors data sheet book, halfpage m3d186 mpsa44 npn highvoltage transistor. This transistor is further divided into four groups according to the dc current gain, o, y, g, and l and has 140, 240, 400 and 700 hfe dc current gain respectively. Semiconductor transistor, diode, ic cross reference. Free transistor circuits books download ebooks online. Ic cross reference cross reference ci stk cross reference ci tda cross reference ci sharp cross reference hitachi audio ic cross reference and circuit applications smd cross reference and equivalent we make every effort to ensure that the material on this site is accurate, however we do not warrant or represent that the information is free. The three layers are called the emitter, base and collector. Dont go for a transistor with a much higher ft as this may increase the risk of oscillation.
The flowing of these electrons from emitter to collector forms the current flow in the. Check our section of free ebooks and guides on transistor circuits now. There are many bipolar transistors, and most of them have many analogues, which are similar in their parameters, so that the search for the replacement usually. Mar 27, 2015 hi, im currently repairing an amp with 2sb688a and 2sc5179 npn pnp complementary pair output transistors. Transistor equivalents for the substitution of modern. Here the majority charge carriers are the electrons. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. The 2n3439 and 2n3440 are silicon epitaxial planar npn transistors in. The 2n2222 is a common npn bipolar junction transistor bjt used for general purpose. Find transistor cross reference related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of transistor cross reference information. The importance of transistor cross reference, datasheet, equivalent and specification. Heat sinks and fans increase the ability of a transistor to dissipate heat. Texas instruments transistor and diode databook 1st ed 1973 datasheets for diodes from 1n251 on and transistors from 2n117 on acrobat 7 pdf 34.
Does anyone have any information on quality equivalents for these transistors. The output characteristics curves for a pnp transistor look very similar to those for an equivalent npn transistor except that they are rotated by 180o to take. When looking at the flat side with the leads pointed downward, the three leads emerging from the transistor are, from left to right, the emitter, collector, and base leads. Download ic database equivalent guide 100 thousand. Audio, series regulator and general purpose absolute maximum ratings ta25c electrical characteristics ta25c external dimensions mt100to3p symbol 2sd2560 unit symbol conditions 2sd2560. Transistor equivalents for the substitution of modern transistors in elderly projects. Allieds handbook of transistor fundamentals author.
Mar 10, 2009 all the substitution books i have seen have been highly unreliable. Calculating the operating dc or quiescent point of a common emitter amplifier if we have a working circuit. World transistor equivalents data az by eca author 4. It goes further and it offers exactly what you were talking in this topic, real replacements like the 80s and 90s replacements crossreference books. Aug 25, 2011 crossreferences are not magic, understanding of the circuit and a parametric search of the important parameters is much more reliable. Smallsignal transistor data book, 86 pages, 1984, motorola. In the next few sections, let us look at the actions taking place in an npn transistor and a pnp transistor. The initial 2n identifies the part as a transistor and the rest of the code identifies the particular transistor. A1015 datasheet, equivalent, cross reference search.
The next most important parameter is possible ft the effective maximum operating frequency although the transistor is of no use at that frequency. Transistors substitutionsequivalents all about circuits. This is a wikipedia book, a collection of articles which can be downloaded electronically or ordered in print. All electronic repairers should know how to read the transistor cross reference equivalent book if they want to succeed in electronic repairs. This is a pdf format of the well known hardware pinout book, which covers various computer, electrical and electronic item pinouts. Download book 200 transistor circuits talking electronics. Design and application of transistor switching circuits.
Free packages are available maximum ratings rating symbol value unit collector. A1015 pnp transistor complementary npn, replacement. Apr 17, 2017 although the software seems a bit ugly design running on dos, but it works perfectly with the database with many components and is free, makes an interesting tool to interested in electronics, want to know when information about a particular component or find a replacement. This page contains list of freely available ebooks, online textbooks and tutorials in transistor circuits. Transistor codes surface mount, pnp, npn, choosing. Basic semiconductor physics, diodes, the nonlinear diode model, load line analysis, large signal diode models, offset diode model, transistors, large signal bjt model, load line analysis, small signal model and transistor amplification. You are far better off understanding the specifications, particular those of particular interest to your application, and using a book or table of specs to find a proper substitute, or posting on sites like aac for help choosing. Mpsa44 transistor datasheet pdf, mpsa44 equivalent. Understanding transistor cross reference, equivalent. Free transistor circuits books download ebooks online textbooks. Npn silicon transistors with similar properties are also made in a variety of small. Select a replacement transistor with equivalent ft.
Npn 100ma 50v digital transistor bias resistor builtin transistor. Audio, series regulator and general purpose absolute maximum ratings ta25c electrical characteristics ta25c external dimensions mt100to3p symbol 2sd2560 unit symbol. But all this is some ones idea of what a equivalent is. Pinball transistor equivalent chart, or how to read. Reference books on integrated circuits, microcontrollers and transistors. A to5 transistor with a p d of 3 watts might be able to dissipate 810 watts with a heat sink. It is necessary to ensure that the replacement transistor will be able to operate at the relevant frequencies, so a similar or slightly higher ft is advisable. Npn 500ma 50v digital transistors bias resistor builtin transistors. Principles of transistor circuits is a very good book, but this 2003 print of the ninth edition suffers badly from being digitised as the illustrations are almost illegible.
E silicon npn triple diffused planar transistor complement to type 2sb1647 application. So called equivalent parts, or nte replacements, may not work at all in some cases, because they were worse in some spec, or the circuit was designed with the assumptions that the part had a fairly low bandwidth. Understanding transistor replacement, substitution and. Obsolete transistor equivalents all about circuits. Most projects will specify a particular transistor, but if necessary you can usually substitute an equivalent transistor from the wide range available. The data sheet is very important for every engineers and technicians because it can help them to find the nearest replacement for the components that they are. Transistor equivalent book pdf free download by corfikome. Should you find any info that can fill in any of the blanks in the matrix below. Years ago there were books for transistor equivalents. Or, point me to an article that explains transistor specifications and how to read them. Download ic database equivalent guide 100 thousand components.
Buy international transistor equivalents guide bernard babani publishing radio and electronics books by michaels, adrian isbn. This page contains list of freely available e books, online textbooks and tutorials in transistor circuits. Most have a way to say i need a transistor like this. Searching the right transistor for substitution is a skill, if you replace wrong specifications of transistor i. A complete guide to semiconductor replacement and substitutions from the makers of photofactr service documentation. Transistor npn transistor, pnp transistor definition. Mpsa44 datasheet, equivalent, cross reference search. Apr 05, 2008 it has been very useful for me because it doesnt provide only the nte replacements. More than 490,000 part numbers, type numbers, and other identifying numbers listed. Rca transistor thyristor and diode manual sc14 and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at.
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